The determination of the number of bids for the different devices or exchange modules at normal and high load levels should be made according to Rec. E.500. Circuit group or exchange load levels will be used according to the devices or exchange modules affected.
.LP
\uc\d\u)\d
The values of traffic offered to the circuit group and to the
switching network of the exchange, to be used for loss probability evaluation, should correspond to the traffic flow levels defined for circuit groups and
exchanges, respectively, in Rec. E.500.
.nr PS 9
.RT
.ad r
\fBTable 1/E.543 [T1.543]\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.ad b
.RT
.PP
In case of differences between exchange and circuit group busy
hours it is recommended to use models which can take account of the different
traffic values in the different parts of the exchange. For example, models
used for dimensioning the auxiliary equipment could take advantage of the
differences of busy hour of the different circuit groups using the same
auxiliary equipment.
.sp 2P
.LP
\fB5\fR \fBMeasurements to monitor exchange GOS performance\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.PP
In the context of traffic Administration, monitoring the GOS
performance in an exchange is a means of detecting potential problems which
can affect the GOS performance of that exchange. By analysing deviations
from
previously established GOS performance thresholds, problem areas can be
detected. After having identified the problems, actions such as load balancing,
fault removal, extensions, etc., can be derived from GOS performance
monitoring. These actions are not taken on a real\(hytime basis, and consequently
the data collection and analysis do not have real\(hytime constraints.
The traffic measurements recommended below do not separate the causes of
call attempt
failure or excessive delay.
.PP
When the values of the GOS performance are consistently worse than the
GOS standards specified in \(sc\ 4, it will be necessary to identify the
causes of such a situation through the analysis of ad\(hyhoc measurement
procedures.
Considering the above framework, errors in GOS estimation are only important
to the extent that they can generate over\(hy or under\(hyreactions to
exchange
situations.
.bp
.PP
For each of the GOS parameters a statistical estimator has been
defined. The measurements must be made on a per circuit group and per exchange
basis. Eventually, savings could be derived from delay measurements made
on the basis of signalling types when several circuit groups share the
same auxiliary devices. All measurements described below refer to a specific
measurement
period.
.RT
.sp 2P
.LP
5.1
\fIDelay measurements\fR
.sp 1P
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
5.1.1
\fIIncoming response delay\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
The exchange GOS performance with respect to this parameter can be estimated
by means of the ratio:
\v'6p'
.RT
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fIp\fR =
@ { fIB\fR~ | } over { fIA\fR } @ ,
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.LP
.sp 1
.LP
where
.LP
\fIA\fR is the number of call attempts accepted for processing from a
given incoming circuit group
.LP
\fIB\fR is the number of call attempts out of the set \fIA\fR , for
which the incoming response delay exceeded the predetermined value \fIX\fR
.PP
\fINote\fR \ \(em\ In SPC exchanges a certain time may elapse from the
moment that the incoming seizure signal appears at the incoming circuit
until the moment that the processor accepts the call attempt for processing.
Measuring this delay would require external equipment to the call handling
processors. The above measurement only provides an indication of the incoming
response delay after the call has been accepted for call processing. In
the
case where this delay is significant, it should be taken into account in
dimensioning and should be subtracted from the total time allowed for the
incoming response delay.
.sp 1P
.LP
5.1.2
\fIExchange call set\(hyup delay\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
The exchange performance with respect to this parameter can be
measured by means of the following ratio:
\v'6p'
.RT
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fIq\fR =
@ { fID\fR~ | } over { fIC\fR } @ ,
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.LP
.sp 1
where
.LP
\fIC\fR is the number of call attempts for which sufficient address
information has been received at the incoming side of the
exchange, which are addressed to a certain outgoing circuit
group and for which the seizing signal or the corresponding
address information is sent to the subsequent exchange.
.LP
\fID\fR is the number of call attempts already counted in \fIC\fR for
which the call set\(hyup delay exceeds the predetermined value,
\fIT\fR .
.sp 1P
.LP
5.1.3
\fIThrough\(hyconnection delay\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
The exchange performance with respect to this parameter can be
measured by means of the following ratio:
\v'6p'
.RT
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fIr\fR =
@ { fIF\fR~ | } over { fIE\fR } @ ,
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.LP
.sp 1
where
.LP
\fIE\fR (for end\(hyto\(hyend channel associated and common channel
signalling) is the number of call attempts for which the
required information for setting up a through\(hyconnection is
available for processing in the exchange for a certain circuit
group.
.LP
\fIE\fR (for link\(hyby\(hylink channel associated signalling) is the
number of call attempts which have completed outpulsing in a
certain circuit group.
.LP
\fIF\fR is the number of call attempts already counted in \fIE\fR for
which the through\(hyconnection delay has exceeded the
predetermined value\ \fIV\fR .
.bp
.PP
\fINote 1\fR \ \(em\ The loss of call attempts caused by the exchange
itself,
premature subscriber release or time\(hyout expiration in an upstream exchange
may modify the outcome of the above delay measurements. However, the effect
will
only be significant under abnormal conditions which should be investigated
separately.
.PP
\fINote 2\fR \ \(em\ It is recommended that values for \fIX\fR , \fIT\fR
, and \fIV\fR be
either 0.5\ s (normal load) or 1\ s (high load).
.PP
\fINote 3\fR \ \(em\ Measuring delays on a per call basis could produce
severe cost penalties to the exchange. Since the accuracy requirements
from the
statistical viewpoint are not very high, call sampling procedures or test
calls can be sufficient for GOS monitoring purposes.
.RT
.sp 1P
.LP
5.2
\fILoss measurements\fR
.sp 9p
.RT
.PP
One estimator of this parameter per circuit group is:
\v'6p'
.RT
.sp 1P
.ce 1000
\fIs\fR =
@ { fIH\fR~ | } over { fIG\fR } @ ,
.ce 0
.sp 1P
.LP
.sp 1
.LP
where:
.LP
\fIG\fR is the number of call attempts which require a connection
from an inlet to the desired outgoing circuit group having at
least one free circuit and for which sufficient call handling
information was made available to the exchange.
.LP
\fIH\fR is the number of those call attempts described by \fIG\fR which
failed to build up the required connection.
.PP
\fINote\fR \ \(em\ The loss of call attempts caused by premature subscriber
release or time\(hyout expiration in an upstream exchange, may modify the